Ma polima apamwamba kwambiri adapangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960.Mu 1961, Northern Research Institute ya Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ku US inalumikiza wowuma ku acrylonitrile kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti apange HSPAN starch acrylonitrile kumezanitsa copolymer yomwe inaposa zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimayamwa madzi.Mu 1978, Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. ya ku Japan idatsogola pakugwiritsa ntchito ma polima oyamwa kwambiri opangira matewera otayira, zomwe zakopa chidwi cha asayansi ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, UCC Corporation yaku United States idaganiza zophatikizira ma polima osiyanasiyana a olefin oxide okhala ndi ma radiation, ndi kupanga ma polima omwe si a ionic apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi mphamvu yoyamwa madzi nthawi 2000, motero kutsegulira kaphatikizidwe ka non-ionic. ma polima apamwamba kwambiri.Khomo.Mu 1983, Sanyo Chemicals yaku Japan idagwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu acrylate pamaso pa mankhwala a diene monga methacrylamide kuti polymerize ma polima a superabsorbent.Kenako, kampani mosalekeza opangidwa osiyanasiyana superabsorbent kachitidwe polima wapangidwa kusinthidwa asidi polyacrylic ndi polyacrylamide.Kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazi, asayansi ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana apanga motsatizana ndikupanga ma polima a superabsorbent kukula mwachangu m'maiko padziko lonse lapansi.Pakadali pano, magulu atatu akuluakulu opanga Japan Shokubai, Sanyo Chemical ndi Stockhausen aku Germany apanga zinthu zamiyendo itatu.Amayang'anira 70% ya msika wapadziko lonse lapansi masiku ano, ndipo amachita mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi kudzera m'mgwirizano waukadaulo kuti awononge msika wapamwamba kwambiri wamayiko onse padziko lapansi.Ufulu wogulitsa ma polima omwe amamwetsa madzi.Ma polima a super absorbent ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana komanso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.Pakalipano, ntchito yake yaikulu akadali zinthu zaukhondo, zomwe zimawerengera pafupifupi 70% ya msika wonse.
Popeza utomoni wa sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent uli ndi mphamvu yayikulu yoyamwa madzi komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri osungira madzi, umakhala ndi ntchito zambiri monga chosungira madzi m'nthaka paulimi ndi nkhalango.Ngati kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka sodium polyacrylate kawonjezedwa m'nthaka, kameredwe ka nyemba ndi kupirira chilala kwa mphukira za nyemba zitha kuwongoleredwa, ndipo mpweya wa nthaka ukhoza kukwera.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha hydrophilicity komanso anti-fogging komanso anti-condensation katundu wa super absorbent resin, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zatsopano zopangira.Kanema wolongedza wopangidwa ndi zinthu zapadera za polima woyamwa kwambiri amatha kukhalabe ndi chakudya chatsopano.Kuonjezerapo polima wonyezimira kwambiri ku zodzoladzola kungapangitsenso kukhuthala kwa emulsion, komwe kumakhala kowonjezera bwino.Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a polima otsekemera kwambiri omwe amangotenga madzi koma osati mafuta kapena zosungunulira za organic, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dehydrating wothandizira m'makampani.
Chifukwa ma polima oyamwa kwambiri sakhala oopsa, osakwiyitsa thupi la munthu, zochita zopanda mbali, komanso kusakhazikika kwamagazi, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazamankhwala m'zaka zaposachedwa.Mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka mafuta odzola okhala ndi madzi ambiri komanso omasuka kugwiritsa ntchito;kupanga mabandeji azachipatala ndi mipira ya thonje yomwe imatha kuyamwa magazi ndi zotulutsa kuchokera ku opaleshoni ndi kuvulala, ndipo imatha kuteteza kuwonjezereka;kupanga anti-bacterial agents omwe amatha kudutsa madzi ndi mankhwala koma osati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Khungu lopanga matenda opatsirana, etc.
Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi zamakono, chitetezo cha chilengedwe chakopa chidwi kwambiri.Ngati wapamwamba absorbent polima aikidwa mu thumba kuti sungunuka mu zimbudzi, ndipo thumba kumizidwa mu zimbudzi, pamene thumba kusungunuka, wapamwamba kuyamwa polima akhoza mwamsanga kuyamwa madzi kulimbitsa zimbudzi.
M'makampani amagetsi, ma polima apamwamba kwambiri amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowunikira chinyezi, zoyezera chinyezi, komanso zowunikira madzi.Ma polima apamwamba kwambiri atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma adsorbents achitsulo cholemera ndi zinthu zoyamwa mafuta.
Mwachidule, polima wapamwamba-absorbent ndi mtundu wa zinthu za polima zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.Kukula kwamphamvu kwa utomoni wotsekemera wa polymer uli ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pamsika.Chaka chino, pansi pa mikhalidwe ya chilala ndi otsika mvula m'madera ambiri a kumpoto kwa dziko langa, mmene zina kulimbikitsa ndi ntchito ma polima superabsorbent ndi ntchito mwamsanga akukumana ulimi ndi nkhalango asayansi ndi amisiri.Pakukhazikitsidwa kwa Western Development Strategy, pantchito yokonza nthaka, khazikitsani mwamphamvu ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zingapo zama polima otsekemera kwambiri, omwe ali ndi phindu lenileni pazachuma komanso zachuma.Zhuhai Demi Chemicals imakhala ndi malo opitilira 30,000 masikweya mita.Imagwira ntchito pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ndi kupanga zinthu zokhudzana ndi super absorbent (SAP).Ndi kampani yoyamba yapakhomo yomwe imapanga utomoni wonyezimira kwambiri womwe umaphatikiza kafukufuku wasayansi, kupanga, kugulitsa, ndi ntchito zaukadaulo.makampani apamwamba kwambiri.Kampaniyo ili ndi ufulu wodziyimira pawokha, luso lofufuza komanso chitukuko, ndipo nthawi zonse imakhazikitsa zatsopano.Ntchitoyi ikuphatikizidwa mu "ndondomeko ya tochi" yapadziko lonse ndipo yayamikiridwa kambirimbiri ndi maboma adziko lonse, zigawo ndi ma municipalities.
Malo Ofunsira
1. Ntchito mu ulimi ndi munda
Utoto woyamwa kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito paulimi ndi ulimi wamaluwa umatchedwanso kuti wosunga madzi komanso chowongolera nthaka.dziko langa ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi kusowa kwamadzi kwambiri padziko lapansi.Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosungira madzi kumakhala kofunika kwambiri.Pakadali pano, mabungwe opitilira khumi ndi awiri ofufuza zapakhomo apanga zinthu zotulutsa utomoni wapamwamba kwambiri wambewu, thonje, mafuta, ndi shuga., Fodya, zipatso, masamba, nkhalango ndi zina zoposa 60 mitundu ya zomera, malo Kukwezeleza kuposa mahekitala 70,000, ndi ntchito wapamwamba kuyamwa utomoni ku Northwest, Inner Mongolia ndi malo ena lalikulu m'dera mchenga kulamulira greening nkhalango.Utoto woyamwa kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhaniyi ndi wowuma wophatikizika wa acrylate polima wolumikizana ndi zinthu zolumikizana ndi acrylamide-acrylate copolymer, momwe mcherewo wasintha kuchoka ku mtundu wa sodium kupita ku mtundu wa potaziyamu.Njira zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuthirira mbewu, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuthira mabowo, kapena kuviika mizu ya mbewu mukasakaniza ndi madzi kuti mupange phala.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, utomoni woyamwa kwambiri ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutikita feteleza ndi kuthira feteleza, kuti athe kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka feteleza ndikuteteza zinyalala ndi kuipitsa.Mayiko akunja amagwiritsanso ntchito utomoni woyamwa kwambiri ngati zida zosungiramo zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zakudya.
2. Ntchito zachipatala ndi zaukhondo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zopukutira zaukhondo, matewera a ana, zopukutira, mapaketi a ayezi azachipatala;fungo ngati gel osakaniza ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kusintha mpweya.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko azachipatala odzola, zonona, liniments, cataplasms, ndi zina zotero, ali ndi ntchito za moisturizing, thickening, kulowetsa khungu ndi gelation.Itha kupangidwanso kukhala chonyamulira chanzeru chomwe chimawongolera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala otulutsidwa, nthawi yotulutsa, ndi malo otulutsa.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito makampani
Gwiritsani ntchito utomoni woyamwa kwambiri kuti mutenge madzi kutentha kwambiri ndikutulutsa madzi kutentha pang'ono kuti mupange chinyontho cha mafakitale.Mu oilfield mafuta kuchira ntchito, makamaka akale oilfields, ntchito kopitilira muyeso-mkulu maselo kulemera polyacrylamide amadzimadzi njira kusamutsidwa mafuta ndi zothandiza kwambiri.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pakutaya madzi m'thupi la zosungunulira za organic, makamaka zosungunulira organic ndi polarity otsika.Palinso zokhuthala m’mafakitale, utoto wosungunuka m’madzi, ndi zina zotero.
4.Kugwiritsa ntchito pomanga
Zinthu zotupa msanga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira madzi ndi utomoni wonyezimira kwambiri, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potsekera ngalande zamadamu m'nyengo ya kusefukira kwa madzi, ndikumanga madzi olumikizirana zipinda zapansi, machubu ndi njanji zapansi panthaka;amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa zimbudzi zam'tawuni ndi ntchito zoboola Matope amalimba kuti atsogolere kukumba ndi kuyendetsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-08-2021