Chithandizo cha madzi a zimbudzi

Kusanthula Madzi Otayira ndi Madzi Otayira
Kukonza zinyalala ndi njira yomwe imachotsa zonyansa zambiri kuchokera m'madzi otayidwa kapena zinyalala ndikupanga zinyalala zamadzimadzi zoyenera kutaya ku chilengedwe ndi matope. Kuti zigwire ntchito bwino, zinyalala ziyenera kutumizidwa ku malo oyeretsera pogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi ndi zomangamanga zoyenera ndipo njira yokhayo iyenera kutsatiridwa ndi malamulo ndi kuwongolera. Madzi ena otayidwa nthawi zambiri amafuna njira zosiyanasiyana komanso nthawi zina zapadera zoyeretsera. Pamlingo wosavuta kwambiri, kukonza zinyalala ndipo madzi ambiri otayidwa ndi kupatukana kwa zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi, nthawi zambiri poziyika m'malo otayidwa. Mwa kusintha pang'onopang'ono zinthu zosungunuka kukhala zolimba, nthawi zambiri gulu la zamoyo ndikuziyika m'malo otayidwa, madzi otayidwa amatuluka oyera kwambiri.
Kufotokozera
Zinyalala ndi zinyalala zamadzimadzi zochokera ku zimbudzi, mabafa, shawa, makhitchini, ndi zina zotero zomwe zimatayidwa kudzera m'mabotolo amadzimadzi. M'madera ambiri zinyalala zimaphatikizaponso zinyalala zamadzimadzi zochokera kumakampani ndi amalonda. M'mayiko ambiri, zinyalala zochokera ku zimbudzi zimatchedwa zinyalala zonyansa, zinyalala zochokera kuzinthu monga mabeseni, mabafa ndi makhitchini zimatchedwa madzi a sullage, ndipo zinyalala zamafakitale ndi zamalonda zimatchedwa zinyalala zamalonda. Kugawika kwa madzi apakhomo kumapita m'madzi a imvi ndi akuda kukuchulukirachulukira m'maiko otukuka, ndipo madzi a imvi amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira zomera kapena kubwezeretsanso zimbudzi. Zinyalala zambiri zimaphatikizaponso madzi ena pamwamba pa denga kapena madera olimba. Chifukwa chake, madzi a zinyalala a m'matauni amaphatikizapo zinyalala zamadzimadzi zochokera m'nyumba, zamalonda, ndi zamafakitale, ndipo zitha kuphatikizapo madzi amvula.

Magawo Oyesedwa Kawirikawiri:

• BOD (Kufunika kwa Oxygen ya Biochemical)

•COD (Kufunika kwa Mpweya wa Oxygen)

•MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids)

•Mafuta ndi Mafuta

•pH

•Kuyendetsa bwino

•Zolimba Zonse Zosungunuka

BOD (Kufunika kwa Oxygen ya Biochemical):
Kufunika kwa mpweya wa biochemical kapena BOD ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosungunuka womwe umafunika ndi zamoyo zamoyo zomwe zimakhala m'madzi kuti ziswe zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zili mu chitsanzo cha madzi pa kutentha kwinakwake kwa nthawi inayake. Mawuwa amatanthauzanso njira ya mankhwala yodziwira kuchuluka kumeneku. Iyi si njira yeniyeni yoyezera kuchuluka, ngakhale imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chizindikiro cha mtundu wa madzi achilengedwe. BOD ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati muyeso wa momwe malo oyeretsera madzi otayira amagwirira ntchito. Imalembedwa ngati chinthu chodetsa chachizolowezi m'maiko ambiri.
COD (Kufunika kwa Mpweya wa Oxygen):
Mu chemistry ya zachilengedwe, mayeso a chemical oxygen demand (COD) amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri poyesa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala achilengedwe m'madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito COD nthawi zambiri kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi apamwamba (monga nyanja ndi mitsinje) kapena madzi otayira, zomwe zimapangitsa COD kukhala muyeso wothandiza wa khalidwe la madzi. Maboma ambiri amaika malamulo okhwima okhudza kufunika kwa mpweya wambiri wa mankhwala m'madzi otayira asanabwezeretsedwe ku chilengedwe.

cr.kuchiza madzi