Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a zimbudzi ndi kuika ambiri ogwira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mu zimbudzi, amene amalimbikitsa mofulumira mapangidwe bwino zamoyo mu madzi thupi lokha, mmene mulibe decomposers, opanga, ndi ogula. Zoipitsazi zitha kuthandizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, motero maunyolo ambiri azakudya amatha kupangidwa, kupanga njira yolumikizirana ndi chakudya. Dongosolo labwino komanso lokhazikika lazachilengedwe litha kukhazikitsidwa ngati kuchuluka koyenera ndi mphamvu zofananira zikusungidwa pakati pa milingo ya trophic. Pamene kuchuluka kwa zimbudzi zimalowa m'chilengedwechi, zowononga organic zomwe zili mmenemo sizimangowonongeka ndikuyeretsedwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi bowa, koma zinthu zomaliza za kuwonongeka kwawo, mankhwala ena osakanikirana, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magwero a carbon, magwero a nayitrogeni ndi magwero a phosphorous, ndipo mphamvu ya dzuwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero loyamba la mphamvu. , kutenga nawo mbali mu kagayidwe kachakudya mu ukonde wa chakudya, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amasamuka ndikusintha kuchoka kumtunda wochepa kupita kumtunda wapamwamba, ndipo pamapeto pake amasandulika kukhala mbewu zam'madzi, nsomba, shrimp, mussels, atsekwe, abakha ndi zinthu zina zapamwamba zamoyo, komanso kupyolera mwa anthu. mosalekeza Tengani ndikuwonjezera njira zosungira chilengedwe chonse chamadzi, kuwonjezera kukongola ndi mawonekedwe amadzi, ndikukwaniritsa cholinga choletsa ndikuwongolera kufalikira kwamadzi.
1. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a zimbudzimakamaka amachotsa zoipitsa organic (BOD, COD zinthu) mu colloidal ndi kusungunuka boma mu zimbudzi, ndi mlingo kuchotsa akhoza kufika oposa 90%, kuti zoipitsa organic akhoza kukwaniritsa muyezo kumaliseche.
(1) BOD (kufunidwa kwa okosijeni wam'chilengedwe), kutanthauza "kufunidwa kwa okosijeni wam'chilengedwe" kapena "kufunidwa kwa okosijeni wachilengedwe", ndi chizindikiro chosadziwika cha zomwe zili m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri amatanthauza gawo la zinthu zomwe zimatha okosijeni mosavuta zomwe zili mu 1L ya zimbudzi kapena madzi oti ayesedwe. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatulutsa okosijeni ndikuwola, mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi umadyedwa mu milligrams (gawo ndi mg/L). Miyezo ya BOD nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa 20 °C kwa masiku 5 usana ndi usiku, kotero chizindikiro cha BOD5 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
(2) COD (kufunidwa kwa okosijeni wamankhwala) ndi kufunikira kwa okosijeni, chomwe ndi chizindikiritso chosavuta cha zomwe zili m'madzi. (gawo ndi mg/L). Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi K2Cr2O7 kapena KMnO4. Pakati pawo, K2Cr2O7 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo COD yoyezedwa imayimiridwa ndi "COD Cr".
2. Chithandizo cha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tingagawidwe mu dongosolo la mankhwala a aerobic ndi dongosolo la mankhwala a anaerobic malinga ndi momwe mpweya uliri mu chithandizo.
1. Njira yothandizira aerobic
Pansi pazikhalidwe za aerobic, tizilombo timatulutsa zinthu zachilengedwe m'chilengedwe, timathira okosijeni ndikuziwola kukhala zinthu zakuthupi, kuyeretsa zimbudzi, komanso kupanga zinthu zama cell nthawi imodzi. Poyeretsa zimbudzi, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhalapo mu mawonekedwe a sludge ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za biofilm.
Njirayi ndi njira yochiritsira yachilengedwe yokhala ndi biofilm monga gawo lalikulu la kuyeretsedwa. Biofilm ndi mucous nembanemba wolumikizidwa pamwamba pa chonyamulira ndipo makamaka opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya micelles. Ntchito ya biofilm ndi yofanana ndi ya sludge yomwe idalowetsedwa mumayendedwe a sludge, komanso mawonekedwe ake ang'onoang'ono amafanananso. Mfundo yaikulu ya kuyeretsedwa kwa zimbudzi ndi adsorption ndi kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni kwa zinthu zamoyo m'madzi onyansa ndi biofilm yomwe imayikidwa pamwamba pa chonyamuliracho. Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizirana pakati pa sing'anga ndi madzi, njira ya biofilm imaphatikizapo njira ya biological turntable ndi njira ya tower biological filter.
3. Anaerobic mankhwala dongosolo
Pansi anoxic mikhalidwe, njira ntchito mabakiteriya anaerobic (kuphatikizapo facultative anaerobic mabakiteriya) kuti kuwola organic zoipitsa mu zimbudzi amatchedwanso anaerobic chimbudzi kapena anaerobic nayonso mphamvu. Chifukwa chakuti chinthucho chimatulutsa methane, chimatchedwanso kuwira kwa methane. Njirayi sichitha kuthetsa kuwononga chilengedwe, komanso kukhala ndi bio-energy, kotero anthu amamvetsera kwambiri. Kuwotchera kwa zimbudzi za Anaerobic ndi chilengedwe chovuta kwambiri, chomwe chimaphatikizapo magulu osiyanasiyana a mabakiteriya, omwe amafunikira magawo osiyanasiyana ndi mikhalidwe, kupanga chilengedwe chovuta. Kuwotchera kwa methane kumaphatikizapo magawo atatu: siteji ya liquefaction, kupanga haidrojeni ndi siteji yopanga acetic acid ndi gawo lopanga methane.
Chimbudzi mankhwala akhoza kugawidwa mu pulayimale, sekondale ndi maphunziro apamwamba malinga ndi mlingo wa mankhwala.
Chithandizo cha pulayimale: Iwo makamaka amachotsa inaimitsidwa zoipitsa olimba mu zimbudzi, ndipo ambiri mwa njira mankhwala thupi akhoza kokha kumaliza zofunika za mankhwala oyambirira. Pambuyo pa chithandizo choyambirira cha zimbudzi, BOD imatha kuchotsedwa pafupifupi 30%, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kutulutsa. The chachikulu mankhwala ndi preprocessing wa yachiwiri mankhwala.
Njira yoyamba yothandizira ndi: zimbudzi zosaphika zomwe zadutsa mu gridi yowonongeka zimakwezedwa ndi mpope wamadzimadzi - kudutsa mu gridi kapena sieve - ndiyeno kulowa mu chipinda cha grit - zimbudzi zolekanitsidwa ndi mchenga ndi madzi amalowa mu sedimentation yoyamba. thanki, zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi: Kukonzekera koyambirira (mwachitsanzo, kukonza thupi). Ntchito ya chipinda cha grit ndikuchotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mphamvu yokoka yayikulu. Zipinda za grit zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi zipinda za advection grit, zipinda za grit aerated, zipinda za Dole grit ndi zipinda zamtundu wa belu.
Chithandizo chachiwiri: Amachotsa makamaka zonyansa za colloidal ndi kusungunuka (BOD, COD zinthu) m'zimbudzi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuchotsa kumatha kufika kupitirira 90%, kotero kuti zowonongeka zowonongeka zimatha kukwaniritsa muyezo wotuluka.
Njira yachiwiri yochizira ndi: madzi otuluka kuchokera ku tanki yoyamba ya sedimentation amalowa m'zida zamankhwala zamankhwala, kuphatikiza njira ya sludge yolumikizidwa ndi njira ya biofilm, (chiwongolero cha njira ya sludge imaphatikizapo thanki ya aeration, ngalande ya okosijeni, ndi zina zambiri. Njira ya biofilm imaphatikizapo Tanki yosefera, biological turntable, biological contact oxidation njira ndi biological fluidized bed), madzi otuluka kuchokera mu zida zochizira zamoyo amalowa mu thanki yachiwiri ya sedimentation, ndipo madzi osefukira ochokera mu thanki yachiwiri ya sedimentation amatayidwa pambuyo popha tizilombo kapena kulowa m'chipatala chapamwamba.
Thandizo lapamwamba: makamaka limalimbana ndi zinthu zomwe zimasungunuka, monga nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous zomwe zimatha kutsogolera.
ku eutrophication yamadzi am'madzi. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zikuphatikizapo biological denitrification ndi kuchotsa phosphorous, coagulation sedimentation, mchenga mlingo njira, activated carbon adsorption njira, ion kusinthana njira ndi electroosmosis kusanthula njira.
Njira yamankhwala apamwamba ndi motere: gawo la sludge mu thanki yachiwiri ya sedimentation imabwezeretsedwa ku thanki yoyamba ya sedimentation kapena zida zamankhwala zamankhwala, ndipo gawo la sludge limalowa mu thanki yokulirapo ya sludge, kenako ndikulowa mu thanki ya sludge digestion. Pambuyo pochotsa madzi ndi kuumitsa zida, matope amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza.
Kaya ndi wogula watsopano kapena wogula wakale, timakhulupirira mapangidwe apadera a mabakiteriya odetsa ammonia ochizira madzi ku China, kukulitsa kwa mabakiteriya a aerobic ndi ubale wodalirika, timalandira makasitomala atsopano ndi akale kuti alankhule nafe pafoni yam'manja. kapena tumizani imelo kutifunsa kuti tikhazikitse mabizinesi anthawi yayitali ndikugawana bwino.
Chithandizo cha Mankhwala a Madzi a WasteChina Bacteria Special Design, Bacterial Water Treatment Agent, monga antchito ophunzira bwino, atsopano komanso amphamvu, takhala tikuyang'anira zinthu zonse za kafukufuku, mapangidwe, kupanga, malonda ndi kugawa. Pofufuza ndi kupanga matekinoloje atsopano, sitimangotsatira koma timatsogolera makampani opanga mafashoni. Timamvetsera mosamala ndemanga za makasitomala ndikupereka kulankhulana pompopompo. Mudzamva nthawi yomweyo ukatswiri wathu komanso ntchito yosamala.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-11-2022