OverviewPapermaking madzi onyansa makamaka amachokera ku njira ziwiri zopangira pulping ndi papermaking pamakampani opanga mapepala. Kupuntha ndiko kulekanitsa ulusi ndi zipangizo za zomera, kupanga zamkati, ndiyeno bleach izo. Njirayi idzatulutsa madzi ambiri opangira mapepala; kupanga mapepala ndiko kuchepetsa, kuumba, kusindikiza, ndi kupukuta zamkati kuti apange pepala. Njirayi imakondanso kupanga madzi onyansa opangira mapepala. Madzi otayira kwambiri omwe amapangidwa pobowola ndi chakumwa chakuda ndi chakumwa chofiyira, ndipo kupanga mapepala kumatulutsa madzi oyera.
Zinthu zazikuluzikulu 1. Kuchuluka kwa madzi oipa.2. Madzi onyansa amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zolimba zoyimitsidwa, makamaka inki, fiber, filler ndi zowonjezera.3. Ma SS, COD, BOD ndi zinthu zina zowononga m'madzi onyansa ndizokwera kwambiri, zomwe zili mu COD ndi zapamwamba kuposa BOD, ndipo mtundu wake ndi wakuda.
Ndondomeko ya chithandizo ndi njira yothetsera vuto.1. Njira yothandizira The panopa mankhwala njira makamaka amagwiritsa anaerobic, aerobic, thupi ndi mankhwala coagulation ndi sedimentation ndondomeko kuphatikiza mankhwala mode.
Njira ya chithandizo ndi kutuluka kwake: Madzi onyansa akalowa m'madzi owonongeka, amayamba kudutsa muzitsulo kuti achotse zinyalala zazikulu, amalowa mu dziwe la gridi kuti agwirizane, amalowa mu thanki ya coagulation, ndipo amapanga coagulation powonjezera polyaluminium chloride ndi polyacrylamide. Pambuyo polowa mu flotation, SS ndi gawo la BOD ndi COD m'madzi onyansa amachotsedwa. The flotation effluent amalowa anaerobic ndi aerobic magawo awiri biochemical mankhwala kuchotsa ambiri BOD ndi COD m'madzi. Pambuyo pa thanki yachiwiri ya sedimentation, COD ndi chromaticity ya madzi oipa sizimakwaniritsa miyezo ya dziko. Chemical coagulation imagwiritsidwa ntchito popititsa patsogolo chithandizo kuti madzi otayira athe kukwaniritsa miyezo yotulutsa mpweya kapena kukwanitsa kutulutsa mpweya.
Mavuto Wamba ndi Mayankho 1) COD imaposa muyezo. Madzi otayira akatha kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala a anaerobic ndi aerobic biochemical treatment, COD ya madzi otayirayo simakwaniritsa miyezo ya utsi. Njira: Gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu yapamwamba ya COD degradation agent SCOD pochiza. Onjezani m'madzi molingana ndikuchitapo kanthu kwa mphindi 30.
2) Zonse ziwiri za chromaticity ndi COD zimadutsa muyeso Pambuyo pa madzi otayidwa kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala a anaerobic ndi aerobic biochemical, COD ya madzi otayira simakwaniritsa miyezo ya utsi. Yankho: Onjezani flocculation decolorizer yochita bwino kwambiri, sakanizani ndi decolorizer yamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo pamapeto pake gwiritsani ntchito polyacrylamide pakuyandama ndi mvula, kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba.
3) Ammonia nayitrogeni wambiri Nayitrogeni wa ammonia sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zapano. Yankho: Onjezani chochotsera ammonia nayitrogeni, gwedezani kapena tsitsani ndikusakaniza, ndikuchitapo kanthu kwa mphindi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mu chigayo cha mapepala, ammonia nitrogen wothira madzi ndi pafupifupi 40ppm, ndipo mulingo wa ammonia nitrogen wa m'deralo ndi wochepera 15ppm, womwe sungathe kukwaniritsa zomwe zanenedwa ndi malamulo oteteza chilengedwe.
Kutsiliza Kupanga madzi otayira pamapepala kuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi obwezeretsanso, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi kutaya madzi oyipa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kuyenera kuyang'ana mwachangu njira zingapo zodalirika, zotsika mtengo komanso zoyeretsera madzi otayira zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito mokwanira zinthu zothandiza m'madzi onyansa. Mwachitsanzo: njira yoyandama imatha kubwezeretsa zolimba zamafuta m'madzi oyera, ndikuchira mpaka 95%, ndipo madzi omveka bwino angagwiritsidwenso ntchito; kuyaka zinyalala mankhwala njira akhoza kuchira sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfate ndi mchere ena sodium pamodzi ndi organic kanthu mu madzi akuda. Neutralization njira yothetsera madzi oipa imasintha pH mtengo wa madzi oipa; coagulation sedimentation kapena kuyandama kungachotse tinthu tating'ono ta SS m'madzi onyansa; mankhwala mpweya njira akhoza decolorize; Njira yothandizira kwachilengedwe imatha kuchotsa BOD ndi COD, yomwe imakhala yothandiza kwambiri pamadzi otayira a kraft. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis ndi njira zina zopangira mapepala amadzi onyansa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba ndi kunja.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-17-2025