Flocculantnthawi zambiri amatchedwa "industrial panacea", yomwe imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri. Monga njira kulimbikitsa olimba-zamadzimadzi kulekana m`munda wa mankhwala madzi, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulimbikitsa mpweya woyamba wa zimbudzi, flotation mankhwala ndi yachiwiri mpweya pambuyo adamulowetsa sludge njira. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza maphunziro apamwamba kapena kuchiza zimbudzi. Pochiza madzi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza coagulation effect (mlingo wa mankhwala), zinthuzi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kutentha kwa madzi, pH mtengo ndi alkalinity, chikhalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa zonyansa m'madzi, kusungirako madzi kunja, etc. .
1. Mphamvu ya kutentha kwa madzi
Kutentha kwa madzi kumakhudza kwambiri kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kutentha kwa madzi m'nyengo yozizira
zimakhudza kwambiri pakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kupangika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ma flocs okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso totayirira. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:
The hydrolysis wa inorganic mchere coagulants ndi endothermic anachita, ndi hydrolysis otsika kutentha madzi coagulants ndi kovuta.
Kukhuthala kwamadzi otsika kutentha ndi kwakukulu, komwe kumafooketsa kuyenda kwa Brownian kwa tinthu zonyansa mu
madzi ndi amachepetsa mwayi kugunda, amene si kothandiza kuti destabilization ndi aggregation wa colloids ndi zimakhudza kukula kwa flocs.
Pamene kutentha kwa madzi kuli kochepa, hydration ya colloidal particles imakula, yomwe imalepheretsa kugwirizana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, komanso imakhudzanso mphamvu yomatira pakati pa particles colloidal.
Kutentha kwa madzi kumagwirizana ndi pH ya madzi. Kutentha kwamadzi kukakhala kotsika, pH yamadzi imawonjezeka, ndipo mulingo woyenera wa pH wa coagulation nawonso umawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, m'nyengo yozizira m'madera ozizira, zimakhala zovuta kupeza zotsatira zabwino za coagulation ngakhale kuchuluka kwa coagulant kuwonjezeredwa.
2. pH ndi zamchere
Mtengo wa pH ndi chizindikiro chosonyeza ngati madzi ali acidic kapena alkaline, ndiko kuti, chizindikiro cha ndende ya H + m'madzi. Phindu la pH la madzi osaphika limakhudza mwachindunji machitidwe a hydrolysis a coagulant, ndiye kuti, pamene pH ya madzi yaiwisi ili mkati mwamtundu wina, zotsatira za coagulation zimatha kutsimikizika.
Pamene coagulant imawonjezedwa m'madzi, chiwerengero cha H + m'madzi chimawonjezeka chifukwa cha hydrolysis ya coagulant, yomwe imapangitsa kuti pH mtengo wa madzi ugwe ndikulepheretsa hydrolysis. Kuti pH ikhale yoyenera, madzi ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zamchere zokwanira kuti achepetse H+. Madzi achilengedwe ali ndi mlingo wina wa alkalinity (nthawi zambiri HCO3-), yomwe imatha kusokoneza H + yomwe imapangidwa panthawi ya hydrolysis ya coagulant, ndipo imakhala ndi vuto la pH. Pamene alkalinity ya madzi yaiwisi ndi osakwanira kapena coagulant anawonjezera kwambiri, pH mtengo wa madzi adzatsika kwambiri, kuwononga coagulation zotsatira.
3. Chikoka cha chikhalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa zonyansa m'madzi
The tinthu kukula ndi chargeability wa SS m'madzi zingakhudze zotsatira coagulation. Nthawi zambiri, tinthu awiri ndi yaing'ono ndi yunifolomu, ndi coagulation zotsatira ndi osauka; ndende ya tinthu m'madzi ndi yochepa, ndipo mwayi wa kugunda kwa tinthu ndi kakang'ono, zomwe si zabwino kwa coagulation; pamene turbidity ndi yaikulu, pofuna kusokoneza colloid m'madzi, kumwa mankhwala ofunikira kudzawonjezeka kwambiri. Pamene kuchuluka kwa zinthu organic alipo m'madzi, akhoza adsorbed ndi dongo particles, motero kusintha pamwamba makhalidwe a original colloidal particles, kupanga colloidal particles khola, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri coagulation kwenikweni. Panthawiyi, oxidant iyenera kuwonjezeredwa m'madzi kuti iwononge zotsatira za organic matter, kusintha mphamvu ya coagulation.
Kusungunuka mchere m'madzi zingakhudzenso coagulation kwenikweni. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mchere wambiri wa calcium ndi magnesium umakhalapo m'madzi achilengedwe, umapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lolimba, pamene kuchuluka kwa Cl- sikuthandiza kuti coagulation. M'nyengo yachigumula, madzi ochuluka okhala ndi unyinji wochuluka wa humus amalowa m'nthaka chifukwa chakuthiridwa ndi madzi amvula, ndipo mlingo wa pre-chlorination ndi coagulant womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri umatengera izi.
4. Chikoka cha zinthu zakunja zosungira madzi
Mfundo zofunika pa aggregation wa colloidal particles ndi destabilize ndi colloidal particles, ndi kupanga destabilized colloidal particles kugundana wina ndi mzake. Waukulu ntchito ya coagulant ndi destabilize ndi colloidal particles, ndi kunja hayidiroliki mukubwadamuka ndi kuonetsetsa kuti colloidal particles angathe kulankhulana ndi coagulant, kuti colloidal particles kugundana kuti apange flocs.
Pofuna kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tigwirizane ndi coagulant, coagulant iyenera kufalikira mwachangu komanso moyenera m'malo onse amadzi am'madzi atatha kuyikidwa m'madzi, komwe kumadziwika kuti kusakanikirana kofulumira, komwe kumafunikira mkati mwa 10 mpaka 30. masekondi osapitirira 2 mphindi kwambiri.
5. Mphamvu ya katundu wamadzi
Kugwedezeka kwa madzi kumatanthawuza kugwedezeka kwa madzi kwa nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kosasintha kwa madzi osaphika, omwe amasintha mwadzidzidzi. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamadzi m'mizinda yamadzi opangira madzi komanso kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi akumtunda kudzakhudza madzi omwe amalowa m'nthaka, makamaka m'nyengo yachilimwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi omwe amalowa m'nthaka asinthe kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mlingowo usinthe pafupipafupi. za mankhwala. Ndipo zotsatira za madzi pambuyo pa kumira si zabwino kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kusinthaku sikuwonjezeka motsatira. Pambuyo pake, tcherani khutu kuyang'ana alum mu thanki yochitira, kuti musawononge zotsatira za coagulation chifukwa cha mlingo wochuluka.
6. Flocculantnjira zopulumutsira
Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zomwe tafotokozazi, palinso njira zopulumutsira mankhwala, monga kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe zimagwedezeka mu dziwe lamadzimadzi, kuchepetsa mvula ya tinthu tating'ono ta mankhwala, kukhazikika kwa mankhwala, ndi kupulumutsa kumwa mankhwala.
Ngati Polyacrylamide akufuna kupulumutsa ndalama ntchito, m`pofunika kusankha yoyenera chitsanzo. Mfundo yake ndikusankha polyacrylamide yokhala ndi chithandizo chabwino kwambiri, chokwera mtengo sichabwino kwambiri, ndipo musayese kukhala wotsika mtengo kuti mupangitse zotsatira zoyipa zamadzi otayira, koma onjezerani mtengo. Sankhani wothandizira omwe samangochepetsa chinyezi cha sludge, komanso amachepetsa mlingo wa unit wothandizira. Chitani zoyeserera za flocculation pazitsanzo zamankhwala zomwe zaperekedwa, sankhani mitundu iwiri kapena itatu yamankhwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira zabwino zoyesera, ndiyeno yeserani pamakina motsatana kuti muwone matope omaliza ndikuzindikira mitundu yomaliza yamankhwala.
Polyacrylamide nthawi zambiri imakhala tinthu tolimba. Iyenera kukonzedwa mu njira yamadzimadzi yokhala ndi solubility inayake. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa 0.1% ndi 0.3%. Kuyikira kwambiri kapena kuonda kwambiri kungakhudze zotsatira zake, kuwononga mankhwala, kuonjezera mtengo, ndikusungunula granular polymerization. Madzi a chinthucho ayenera kukhala aukhondo (monga madzi apampopi), osati zimbudzi. Madzi otentha ndi okwanira, nthawi zambiri palibe kutentha komwe kumafunika. Pamene kutentha kwa madzi kumakhala kotsika kuposa 5 ° C, kusungunuka kumakhala pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuthamanga kwa madzi kumawonjezeka pamene kutentha kwa madzi kumawonjezeka. Koma pamwamba pa 40 ℃ idzafulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa polima ndikukhudza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, madzi apampopi ndi oyenera kukonza ma polima. Asidi amphamvu, alkali wamphamvu, madzi amchere ambiri sali oyenera kukonzekera.
Samalani nthawi yochiritsa pokonzekera wothandizira, kotero kuti wothandizirayo akhoza kusungunuka kwathunthu m'madzi osati agglomerated, mwinamwake sizidzangowononga, komanso zimakhudza zotsatira za matope. Nsalu zosefera ndi mapaipi nawonso amatha kutsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke mobwerezabwereza. Kamodzi atapangidwa kukhala yankho, nthawi yosungirako ndi yochepa. Nthawi zambiri, pamene yankho ndende ndi 0,1%, njira sanali anionic polima sayenera upambana mlungu umodzi, ndi cationic polima njira sayenera upambana tsiku limodzi.
Pambuyo pokonza wothandizira, panthawi ya dosing, samalani ndi kusintha kwa khalidwe lamatope ndi zotsatira za matope, ndikusintha mlingo wa wothandizira mu nthawi kuti mukwaniritse chiŵerengero chabwino cha dosing.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kusungidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zouma, ndipo thumba lamankhwala liyenera kusindikizidwa. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito momwe mungathere, ndikusindikiza mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupewe chinyezi. Pokonzekera mankhwala, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chisapangidwe momwe zingathere, ndipo zakumwa zomwe zayikidwa kwa nthawi yayitali zimakhala zosavuta ku hydrolyzed ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zida zoyendetsedwa bwino, ogwira ntchito akatswiri omwe amapeza ndalama, komanso ntchito zabwino pambuyo pogulitsa; Ndifenso banja lalikulu logwirizana, aliyense amene amakhala ndi bungwe amafunikira "kugwirizanitsa, kutsimikiza, kulolerana" kwa Quots forPolyacrylamideFlocculamide Anionic Cationic Nonionic Water Treatment Polyacrylamide, Tikulandira ndi manja awiri mabwenzi ochokera m'magulu osiyanasiyana a moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kuti azisaka mgwirizano ndi kumanga mawa abwino kwambiri komanso abwino kwambiri." polyelectrolyte"
Quots for China Chemical and Waste Water Treatment, Ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka komanso ngongole yodalirika, takhala pano kuti titumikire makasitomala athu popereka chithandizo chapamwamba kwambiri ndi ntchito, ndipo tikuyamikira kwambiri thandizo lanu. Tiyesetsa kusunga mbiri yathu yabwino monga ogulitsa malonda abwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena ndemanga, muyenerakulumikizana nafemwaufulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-04-2022