Malo ogonanthawi zambiri imatchedwa "mafakitale amafashoni", omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu angapo. Monga njira yolimbikitsira madzi olimba m'munda wamadzi, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikitsa mpweya wa chimbudzi, chithandizo chamankhwala komanso mpweya wa sekondale pambuyo pake. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa a Tertiary chithandizo kapena chithandizo chapamwamba cha chimbudzi. Mu chithandizo chamadzi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza zotsatira za kuphatikiza (mlingo wa mankhwala), kuphatikizapo kutentha kwa madzi, mafayilo akunja, malo osungirako kunja, etc.
1. Mphamvu ya kutentha kwamadzi
Kutentha kwamadzi kumakhudza kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso madzi otsika nthawi yozizira
Imakhudza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti mabowo azikhala bwino ndi tinthu tokha komanso otayirira. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:
Hydrolysis amchere amchere ndi endothermic, ndipo hydrolysis ya kutentha kwa madzi amadzi kumakhala kovuta.
Makulidwe a madzi otsika-kutentha ndi akulu, omwe amafooketsa kusuta kwa brownian kufera mkati
Madzi ndikuchepetsa mwayi wogundani, womwe sukugwirizana ndi kusiyanasiyana ndi kuphatikizika kwa malembawo ndikukhudza kukula kwa maboti.
Kutentha kwamadzi kumakhala kochepa, hydration ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono timalimbikitsidwa, omwe amalepheretsa chilucho cha tinthu tating'onoting'ono, komanso chimakhudzanso mphamvu yatsamba yotsatsa, komanso imakhudzanso mphamvu yotsatsa pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
Kutentha kwamadzi kumakhudzana ndi PH yamadzi. Kutentha kwamadzi kumakhala kotsika, mtengo wa madzi umawonjezeka, ndipo mogwirizana ndi mtengo wolimba wa pH la kusakation lichulukanso. Chifukwa chake, nyengo yozizira m'magawo ozizira, nkovuta kupeza mphamvu yabwino ngakhale ngati ndalama zambiri zimawonjezeredwa.
2. PH ndi Alkalinidity
Mtengo wa PH ndi chizindikiro chakuti madzi ndi acidic kapena alkaline, ndiye kuti, chizindikiritso cha H + kunyamula m'madzi. Mtengo wa PH wa madzi osaphika umakhudzanso zomwe zimakhudza hydrolysis zomwe zimayambitsa madzi osaphika zili mkati mwa mitundu inayake, zotsatira zophatikizira zitha kutsimikiziridwa.
Ngati coagalant ikuwonjezedwa ndi madzi, H + yokhazikika m'madzi imachuluka chifukwa cha hydrolysis ya coagulant, yomwe imayambitsa mtengo wa madzi kuti agwetse hydrolysis. Kuti musunge PH mkati mwazinthu zoyenera, madzi ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zokwanira zokwanira kusintha H +. Madzi achilengedwe muli digiri ina ya alkaliuty (nthawi zambiri hco3-), yomwe imatha kusintha momwe H + imapangidwire panthawi ya hydrolysis ya compolant, ndipo ili ndi vuto la PH. Pamene ma achilendo a madzi osaphika siokwanira kapena phukusi limawonjezeredwa kwambiri, mtengo wa pH umatsika kwambiri, kuwononga zotsatira za kuwononga.
3. Mphamvu ya chilengedwe ndi kukhazikika kwa madzi
Kukula kwa tinthu komanso kuwongolera kwa ss m'madzi kumakhudzanso zotsatirapo zogwirizana. Nthawi zambiri tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala yaying'ono ndipo yunifolomu, ndipo zotsatirapo zokhudza zovuta sizili bwino; Tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'madzi ndiotsika, ndipo kuthekera kwa kuchuluka kwa tinthu ndi yaying'ono, komwe si yabwino kutsatsa; Kutakutuwa ndikokula, kuti tigwiritse ntchito colloid m'madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofunikira adzachulukana kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe pakakhala m'madzi, kumatha kutsatsa ndi dongo, ndikusintha mawonekedwe a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndikupangitsa kuti tinthu tating'ono tokongoletsanso tinthu tokhazikika, zomwe zidzakhudzanso zotsatirazi. Pakadali pano, woxidant ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kumadzi kuti awononge zotsatira za zinthu zachilengedwe, sinthani vutolo.
Mchere wosungunuka m'madzi umathanso kukhudza zotsatira za kuchuluka. Mwachitsanzo, pamene magi calcium ndi magnesium akakhala m'madzi achilengedwe, amakhala othandizanso kuyanjana, pomwe ambiri sagwirizana. M'nyengo yosefukira, madzi osefukira okhala ndi humus amalowa mu humus amalowetsa chomera chifukwa chodzulira madzi amvula, ndipo chisanadze chlorination ndi cosage yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito zimakhazikika pa izi.
4. Kutengera kwa Madzi Akunja Okhazikika
Mikhalidwe yoyambira kuphatikizika kwa ma conloidal tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene timasungirako malo opangira zithunzi, ndikupangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikulumikizane ndi ena. Ntchito yayikulu ya coagulant ndiyo kusinthika kwa ma conloidal tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndipo hydraulic yolimba yakunja ndikuwonetsetsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono titha kulumikizana ndi mapepala.
Pofuna kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono timalumikizana kwathunthu ndi coagulant, coagunt iyenera kukhala yomwazika mwachangu m'madzi am'madzi itayikidwa m'madzi, omwe amafunikira mkati mwa mphindi 10 kapena osachepera mphindi ziwiri.
5. Mphamvu ya Mphamvu yamadzi
Kugwedezeka kwamadzi kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa madzi kapena osakhala ndi madzi osaphika, omwe mwadzidzidzi amasintha kwambiri. Madzi am'madzi am'mizinda ndi kusintha kwa voliyumu yakumtunda kumakhudza madzi omwe amalowa mu dzinja, makamaka m'madzi opezeka m'madzi mu chilimwe, omwe amapangitsa madzi kulowa mu chomera chimasintha kwambiri. Ndipo mphamvu yamadzi mutatha kumira sizabwino kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kusintha kumeneku sikukulitsa mosiyanasiyana. Pambuyo pake, samalani kuti muone chiwombacho mu thanki, kuti musawononge zotsatira zogwirizana chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwambiri.
6. Malo ogonaKusunga Miyeso
Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zili pamwambapa, palinso njira zina zosungitsira mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa dziwe lamadzi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tinthu tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Ngati Polyacrylamide akufuna kupulumutsa ndalama zogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu woyenera. Mfundo yake ndikusankha Polyacrlana ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira, imodzi yokwera mtengo siyoyenera kwambiri, ndipo musayese kukhala otsika mtengo kuti muchepetse mavuto osauka, koma onjezerani mtengo. Sankhani wothandizira yemwe samangochepetsa chinyezi cha sludge, komanso chimachepetsa mlingo wa wothandizirayo. Kuyesa kwa Blaccocculani pa zitsanzo zoperekedwa ndi mankhwala, sankhani mitundu iwiri kapena itatu ya mankhwala oyeserera bwino, kenako ndikuyesa koyenera kuti muwone matope omaliza a matope ndikuwonetsa mitundu yomaliza ya mankhwala.
Polyacrylamide nthawi zambiri imakhala yolimba. Iyenera kukhala yokonzedwa mu njira yamadzimadzi yothetsera vuto linalake. Kuchulukana nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 0,1% ndi 0,3%. Wogonjetsedwa kwambiri kapena woonda kwambiri ungakhudze zotsatira, kuwononga mankhwalawa, onjezani mtengo, ndikusungunuka polymerization polymerization. Madzi a chinthucho ayenera kukhala oyera (monga madzi ampopi), osati kutaya. Madzi mu firiji ndi wokwanira, nthawi zambiri samatenthedwa. Kutentha kwamadzi kukhala kotsika kuposa 5 ° C, kusinthika ndikosachedwa kwambiri, ndipo liwiro lofana limathamanga pomwe kutentha kwamadzi kumakula. Koma pamwamba pa 40 ℃ imathandizira kuwonongeka kwa polymer ndipo kumakhudzanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, madzi ampopi ndioyenera kukonzekeretsa mayankho a polymer. Acid acid, alkali wamphamvu ya alkali, madzi amchere kwambiri sakhala oyenera kukonzekera.
Samalani ndi nthawi yochiritsa pokonza, kuti wothandizirayo azisungunuka kwathunthu m'madzi ndipo osakhazikika, apo ayi sizingangowononga, komanso zimakhudzanso mphamvu matope. Chovala ndi mapaipiyi imakonda kutchinjiriza, chifukwa cha zinyalala zobwereza. Kamodzi wopangidwa ndi yankho, nthawi yosungirako ndiyochepa. Nthawi zambiri, njira yothetsera mavuto ndi 0.1%, yankho la polymer polymer sayenera kupitirira sabata limodzi, ndipo njira yothetsera polymer siyenera kupitirira tsiku limodzi.
Pambuyo pokonza kwa wothandizirayo, samalani ndi kusintha kwa matope kukhala abwino komanso mphamvu ya matope, ndikusintha mlingo wa wothandizirayo panthawiyo kuti akwaniritse gawo labwino.
Mankhwalawa amayenera kusungidwa m'malo ogulitsira, ndipo chithumba cha mankhwalawo uyenera kusindikizidwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito momwe mungathere, ndikusindikiza mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti musanyoze. Pokonzekera zamankhwala, chisamaliro chisatengedwe kuti chisakhazikike momwe mungathere, ndipo zakumwa zomwe zaikidwa kwa nthawi yayitali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndipo sizingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Zida zoyendetsedwa bwino, katswiri wopeza ndalama, komanso bwino pambuyo pogulitsa; Ndife banja lalikulu logwirizana, aliyense amakhala ndi Mtengo Wamagangizo "Kuphatikizika, Kutsimikiza, KulekereraPolyacrylamideBlaccolamide Anionic anionic madzi chithandizo chamadzi a Polyacrramide
Oseketsa China mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa amadzi, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zokulirapo komanso zodalirika ngongole, takhala tikukumbukira makasitomala athu popereka chithandizo chanu. Tikuyesetsa kukhala ndi mbiri yathu yabwino kukhala malonda abwino kwambiri ogulitsa padziko lapansi. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena ndemanga, muyenerakulumikizana nafemwaulere.
Post Nthawi: Nov-04-2022