Ndiroleni ndikudziwitseni SAP yomwe mukuikonda kwambiri posachedwa!Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) ndi mtundu watsopano wazinthu zogwirira ntchito za polima. Ili ndi ntchito yoyamwa kwambiri yomwe imatenga madzi mazana angapo mpaka masauzande angapo olemera kuposa iwowo, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosunga madzi. Ikangotenga madzi ndikuphulika mu hydrogel, zimakhala zovuta kulekanitsa madzi ngakhale atapanikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, ili ndi ntchito zambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga zinthu zaukhondo, kupanga mafakitale ndi zaulimi, ndi zomangamanga.
Super absorbent resin ndi mtundu wa macromolecules okhala ndi magulu a hydrophilic komanso mawonekedwe olumikizana. Anapangidwa koyamba ndi Fanta ndi ena polumikiza wowuma ndi polyacrylonitrile kenako saponifying. Malinga ndi zopangira, pali wowuma zino (kumezanitsa, carboxymethylated, etc.), mapadi mndandanda (carboxymethylated, kumtengowo, etc.), kupanga polima mndandanda (polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl mowa, polyoxy Ethylene mndandanda, etc.) m'magulu angapo. . Poyerekeza ndi wowuma ndi mapadi, polyacrylic asidi superabsorbent utomoni ali mndandanda wa ubwino monga mtengo otsika kupanga, njira yosavuta, mkulu kupanga dzuwa, mphamvu mayamwidwe madzi, ndi yaitali alumali moyo alumali. Yakhala malo opangira kafukufuku pakali pano.
Kodi mfundo ya mankhwalawa ndi iti? Pakali pano, polyacrylic acid ndi 80% ya utomoni woyamwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. The super absorbent resin nthawi zambiri ndi polymer electrolyte yomwe ili ndi gulu la hydrophilic ndi mawonekedwe olumikizana. Asanayambe kuyamwa madzi, maunyolo a polima amakhala pafupi wina ndi mzake ndipo amamangiriridwa pamodzi, olumikizidwa kuti apange maukonde, kuti akwaniritse kukhazikika kwathunthu. Mukakumana ndi madzi, mamolekyu amadzi amalowa mu utomoni kudzera mu capillary action ndi kufalikira, ndipo magulu a ionized pa unyolo amalowetsedwa m'madzi. Chifukwa cha kuthamangitsidwa kwa electrostatic pakati pa ma ion omwewo pa unyolo, unyolo wa polima umatambasuka ndikufufuma. Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa kusalowerera ndale kwamagetsi, ma ion owerengera sangathe kusamukira kunja kwa utomoni, ndipo kusiyana kwa ma ion ndende pakati pa yankho mkati ndi kunja kwa utomoni kumapanga kukakamiza kwa osmotic. Pansi pa mphamvu ya reverse osmosis, madzi amalowanso mu resin kupanga hydrogel. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe olumikizana ndi ma netiweki ndi ma hydrogen kugwirizana kwa utomoni wokha amachepetsa kukulitsa kopanda malire kwa gel osakaniza. Madzi akakhala ndi mchere pang'ono, kuthamanga kwa osmotic kumachepa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha chitetezo cha ion counter, unyolo wa polima umachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mayamwidwe amadzi. utomoni. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yoyamwa madzi ya utomoni woyamwa kwambiri mu 0.9% NaCl yankho ndi pafupifupi 1/10 yokha ya madzi opangidwa ndi deionized. Kuyamwa madzi ndi kusunga madzi ndi mbali ziwiri za vuto lomwelo. Lin Runxiong et al. adakambirana nawo mu thermodynamics. Pansi pa kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwina, utomoni wotsekemera kwambiri ukhoza kuyamwa madzi modzidzimutsa, ndipo madziwo amalowa mu utomoni, kuchepetsa enthalpy yaufulu ya dongosolo lonse mpaka ifike pamlingo. Ngati madzi amatuluka mu utomoni, kuonjezera enthalpy yaulere, sizothandiza kukhazikika kwa dongosolo. Kusanthula kwamatenthedwe kosiyana kukuwonetsa kuti 50% yamadzi omwe amatengedwa ndi utomoni woyamwa kwambiri akadali otsekeredwa mu netiweki ya gel opitilira 150 ° C. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kukakamiza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwabwinobwino, madzi sangatuluke muutomoni woyamwa kwambiri, womwe umatsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu ya thermodynamic ya utomoni woyamwa kwambiri.
Nthawi ina, fotokozerani cholinga chenicheni cha SAP.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-08-2021