Madzi otayira m'makampani opanga mankhwala amaphatikizanso madzi owononga opha maantibayotiki komanso madzi otayira opangira mankhwala. Madzi otayira m'makampani opanga mankhwala amaphatikizanso magulu anayi: madzi otayira opangira maantibayotiki, madzi otayira opanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala, mankhwala opangira mankhwala a China patent madzi onyansa, kutsuka madzi ndi kutsuka madzi oyipa kuchokera kunjira zosiyanasiyana zokonzekera. Madzi onyansa amadziŵika ndi mapangidwe ovuta, organic okhutira, kawopsedwe kwambiri, mtundu wakuya, mchere wambiri, makamaka osauka biochemical katundu ndi kukhetsa pakapita nthawi. Ndi madzi owonongeka a mafakitale omwe ndi ovuta kuwasamalira. Ndi chitukuko cha makampani opanga mankhwala m'dziko langa, madzi otayira a mankhwala pang'onopang'ono akhala amodzi mwa magwero ofunikira oyipitsa.
1. Njira yochiritsira yamadzi otayira amankhwala
Njira zochiritsira zamadzi otayira amankhwala zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule monga: chithandizo chamankhwala chakuthupi, chithandizo chamankhwala, chithandizo chamankhwala am'magazi ndi kuphatikiza njira zosiyanasiyana, njira iliyonse yothandizira ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zovuta zake.
Thandizo lakuthupi ndi mankhwala
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe amadzi am'madzi otayidwa amankhwala, chithandizo chamankhwala cha physicochemical chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yochizira isanakwane kapena pambuyo pochiza chithandizo chamankhwala. Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakalipano komanso zamankhwala zimaphatikizira coagulation, kuyandama kwa mpweya, kutsatsa, kuvula ammonia, electrolysis, kusinthana kwa ion ndi kupatukana kwa membrane.
coagulation
Ukadaulo uwu ndi njira yochizira madzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunyumba ndi kunja. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza komanso kuchiritsa madzi otayira azachipatala, monga aluminium sulphate ndi polyferric sulfate m'madzi onyansa achi China. Chinsinsi cha chithandizo choyenera cha coagulation ndikusankha koyenera ndikuwonjezera ma coagulants omwe amagwira ntchito bwino. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kakulidwe ka ma coagulants asintha kuchokera ku ma polima otsika kwambiri kupita ku ma polima apamwamba kwambiri, komanso kuchokera ku gawo limodzi kupita kumagulu ambiri [3]. Liu Minghua et al. [4] adachitira COD, SS ndi chromaticity yamadzi otayira okhala ndi pH ya 6.5 ndi mlingo wa flocculant wa 300 mg / L wokhala ndi flocculant yapamwamba kwambiri ya F-1. Miyezo yochotsa inali 69.7%, 96.4% ndi 87.5%, motero.
kuyandama kwa mpweya
Kuyandama kwa mpweya nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga kuyandama kwa mpweya, kuyandama kwa mpweya wosungunuka, kuyandama kwamankhwala, ndi kuyandama kwa mpweya wa electrolytic. Xinchang Pharmaceutical Factory imagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha CAF vortex air flotation kuti ipangitse madzi onyansa amankhwala. Avereji yochotsa COD ndi pafupifupi 25% yokhala ndi mankhwala oyenera.
njira ya adsorption
Ambiri ntchito adsorbents ndi adamulowetsa mpweya, adamulowetsa malasha, asidi humic, adsorption utomoni, etc. Wuhan Jianmin Pharmaceutical Factory ntchito malasha phulusa adsorption - sekondale aerobic kwachilengedwenso njira yothetsera madzi oipa. Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti COD kuchotsa mlingo wa adsorption pretreatment inali 41.1%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha BOD5 / COD chinasinthidwa.
Kupatukana kwa membrane
Ukadaulo wamamembrane umaphatikizapo reverse osmosis, nanofiltration ndi fiber membranes kuti apezenso zida zothandiza ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa konse kwachilengedwe. Mbali zazikulu za teknolojiyi ndi zipangizo zosavuta, ntchito yabwino, palibe kusintha kwa gawo ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala, kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri komanso kupulumutsa mphamvu. Juanna et al. ntchito nanofiltration nembanemba kulekanitsa cinnamycin madzi oipa. Zinapezeka kuti inhibitory zotsatira za lincomycin pa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'madzi otayidwa zidachepetsedwa, ndipo cinnamycin adachira.
electrolysis
Njirayi ili ndi ubwino wambiri, ntchito yosavuta ndi zina zotero, ndipo electrolytic decolorization effect ndi yabwino. Li Ying [8] anachita electrolytic pretreatment pa riboflavin supernatant, ndi mitengo kuchotsa COD, SS ndi chroma anafika 71%, 83% ndi 67%, motero.
mankhwala mankhwala
Njira zama mankhwala zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa ma reagents ena kumatha kuyambitsa kuipitsa kwachiwiri kwamadzi. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yoyeserera yoyeserera iyenera kuchitidwa isanapangidwe. Njira zama mankhwala zimaphatikizapo njira yachitsulo-carbon, njira ya redox yamankhwala (Fenton reagent, H2O2, O3), ukadaulo wakuya oxidation, etc.
Njira ya Iron carbon
Kugwira ntchito kwa mafakitale kukuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Fe-C ngati njira yokonzeratu madzi otayira amankhwala kumatha kusintha kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zanyansizo. Lou Maoxing amagwiritsa ntchito iron-micro-electrolysis-anaerobic-aerobic-air flotation kuphatikiza mankhwala kuti athetse madzi otayira apakati pamankhwala monga erythromycin ndi ciprofloxacin. Mlingo wochotsa COD mutatha chithandizo ndi chitsulo ndi kaboni chinali 20%. %.
Fenton's reagent processing
Kuphatikiza kwa mchere wamchere ndi H2O2 kumatchedwa Fenton's reagent, yomwe imatha kuchotsa bwino zinthu zomwe sizingachotsedwe ndiukadaulo wamankhwala amadzi onyansa. Ndi kuzama kwa kafukufuku, kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV), oxalate (C2O42-), etc. adalowetsedwa mu reagent ya Fenton, yomwe inalimbikitsa kwambiri mphamvu ya okosijeni. Pogwiritsa ntchito TiO2 ngati chothandizira ndi nyali ya 9W yotsika mphamvu ya mercury ngati gwero, madzi otayira am'madzi amathandizidwa ndi reagent ya Fenton, kuchuluka kwa decolorization kunali 100%, kuchotsedwa kwa COD kunali 92.3%, ndipo gulu la nitrobenzene linatsika kuchokera ku 8.05mg /L. 0.41 mg/L
Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni
Njirayi imatha kupititsa patsogolo kuwonongeka kwa madzi onyansa komanso kukhala ndi chiwopsezo chochotsa COD. Mwachitsanzo, madzi atatu owononga maantibayotiki monga Balcioglu adathandizidwa ndi ozone oxidation. Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti ozoni ya madzi owonongeka sanangowonjezera chiŵerengero cha BOD5 / COD, komanso kuchotsedwa kwa COD kunali pamwamba pa 75%.
Tekinoloje ya oxidation
Zomwe zimatchedwanso teknoloji ya oxidation yapamwamba, imabweretsa pamodzi zotsatira za kafukufuku wamakono, magetsi, phokoso, maginito, zipangizo ndi machitidwe ena ofanana, kuphatikizapo electrochemical oxidation, wet oxidation, supercritical water oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation ndi ultrasonic degradation. Pakati pawo, ukadaulo wa ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation uli ndi zabwino zachilendo, kuchita bwino kwambiri, komanso kusasankha kwamadzi otayira, ndipo ndizofunikira makamaka pakuwonongeka kwa ma hydrocarbons osatulutsidwa. Poyerekeza ndi njira zochizira monga cheza cha ultraviolet, kutentha, ndi kupanikizika, chithandizo chamankhwala cha organic cha organic ndi cholunjika ndipo chimafuna zida zochepa. Monga mtundu watsopano wa chithandizo, chisamaliro chowonjezereka chaperekedwa. Xiao Guangquan et al. [13] adagwiritsa ntchito njira ya ultrasonic-aerobic biological kukhudzana pochiza madzi otayira amankhwala. Akupanga mankhwala anachitikira kwa 60 s ndi mphamvu anali 200 w, ndi okwana COD kuchotsa mlingo wa madzi oipa anali 96%.
Chithandizo chamankhwala am'thupi
Ukadaulo wamankhwala am'madzi am'madzi ndiukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madzi onyansa, kuphatikiza njira ya aerobic biological, njira ya anaerobic biological, ndi njira yophatikiza ya aerobic-anaerobic.
Chithandizo cha Aerobic Biological
Popeza madzi ambiri otayidwa amankhwala amakhala ndi madzi otayira okhala ndi zinthu zambiri, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kusungunula yankho la masheya panthawi yamankhwala achilengedwe a aerobic. Choncho, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi yaikulu, madzi otayira amatha kuthandizidwa ndi biochemical, ndipo n'zovuta kutulutsa mwachindunji mpaka muyeso pambuyo pa chithandizo chamankhwala. Choncho, ntchito aerobic yekha. Pali chithandizo chochepa chomwe chilipo ndipo chithandizo chambiri chimafunika. Njira zochizira zamoyo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi sludge, njira yakuya bwino ya aeration, njira ya adsorption biodegradation (njira ya AB), njira yolumikizirana makutidwe ndi okosijeni, kutsata batch batch activated sludge njira (njira ya SBR), kuzungulira njira ya sludge, ndi zina zotero. (CASS njira) ndi zina zotero.
Njira yolowera bwino kwambiri
Kulowetsa bwino bwino ndi njira yothamanga kwambiri ya zinyalala. Njirayi imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito a okosijeni, malo ang'onoang'ono apansi, zotsatira zabwino zochizira, ndalama zochepa, zotsika mtengo zogwirira ntchito, palibe matope ochulukirapo komanso kupanga matope ochepa. Komanso, matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zotsatira zake ndi zabwino, ndipo mankhwala si kukhudzidwa ndi nyengo, amene angatsimikizire zotsatira za mankhwala zimbudzi yozizira m'madera kumpoto. Madzi otayira omwe ali ochuluka kwambiri ochokera ku Northeast Pharmaceutical Factory atapangidwa ndi biochemically ndi thanki yakuya yotulutsa mpweya, kuchuluka kwa COD kuchotsedwa kudafika 92.7%. Tingaone kuti processing Mwachangu ndi mkulu kwambiri, amene n'kopindulitsa kwambiri processing lotsatira. tenga gawo lalikulu.
AB njira
Njira ya AB ndi njira yamatope yomwe imakhala yodzaza kwambiri. Mlingo wochotsa wa BOD5, COD, SS, phosphorous ndi ammonia nayitrogeni pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya AB nthawi zambiri umakhala wapamwamba kuposa wanthawi zonse wothira matope. Ubwino wake waukulu ndi kuchuluka kwa gawo la A, mphamvu yamphamvu yoletsa kugwedezeka, komanso kuwononga kwakukulu pamtengo wa pH ndi zinthu zapoizoni. Ndikoyenera makamaka kuchiza zimbudzi ndi ndende yaikulu ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwake. Njira ya Yang Junshi et al. amagwiritsa ntchito njira yachilengedwe ya hydrolysis acidification-AB pochiza madzi owonongeka a maantibayotiki, omwe amakhala ndi njira yayifupi, kupulumutsa mphamvu, komanso mtengo wamankhwala ndi wotsika kuposa njira yopangira mankhwala a flocculation-biological amadzi onyansa ofanana.
biological kukhudzana makutidwe ndi okosijeni
Ukadaulo umenewu umaphatikiza ubwino wa adamulowetsa sludge njira ndi biofilm njira, ndipo ali ndi ubwino mkulu voliyumu katundu, otsika sludge kupanga, amphamvu kukana, khola ndondomeko ntchito ndi kasamalidwe yabwino. Ntchito zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri, zomwe zimayang'ana kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri pamagulu osiyanasiyana, kupereka masewera olimbitsa thupi pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndikuwongolera zotsatira za biochemical ndi kugwedezeka. Mu uinjiniya, chimbudzi cha anaerobic ndi acidization nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yopangira mankhwala, ndipo njira yolumikizirana makutidwe ndi okosijeni imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi otayira amankhwala. Harbin North Pharmaceutical Factory imatenga hydrolysis acidification-gawo ziwiri za biological kukhudzana ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni njira yopangira madzi otayira mankhwala. Zotsatira za opaleshoni zimasonyeza kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhala chokhazikika ndipo kuphatikiza kwa ndondomeko ndikoyenera. Ndi kukhwima kwapang'onopang'ono kwa teknoloji ya ndondomekoyi, madera ogwiritsira ntchito ndi ochulukirapo
Njira ya SBR
Njira ya SBR ili ndi ubwino wa kukana kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, ntchito ya sludge yapamwamba, mawonekedwe osavuta, osafunikira kubwerera mmbuyo, ntchito yosinthika, yotsika pang'ono, ndalama zochepa, ntchito yokhazikika, mlingo waukulu wochotsa gawo lapansi, ndi denitrification yabwino ndi kuchotsa phosphorous. . Kusinthasintha kwa madzi oipa. Kuyesera pa chithandizo cha madzi onyansa a mankhwala ndi ndondomeko ya SBR kumasonyeza kuti nthawi ya aeration imakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za mankhwala; kukhazikitsidwa kwa zigawo za anoxic, makamaka mapangidwe obwerezabwereza a anaerobic ndi aerobic, amatha kusintha kwambiri chithandizo chamankhwala; The SBR yopititsa patsogolo chithandizo cha PAC Njirayi imatha kusintha kwambiri kuchotsedwa kwadongosolo. M'zaka zaposachedwa, njirayi yakhala yabwino kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza madzi onyansa amankhwala.
Chithandizo cha Anaerobic Biological
Pakali pano, chithandizo cha madzi onyansa a organic ochuluka kwambiri kunyumba ndi kunja makamaka kumachokera ku njira ya anaerobic, koma COD yamadzimadzi imakhala yochuluka kwambiri pambuyo pa chithandizo cha anaerobic, ndipo pambuyo pa chithandizo (monga aerobic biological treatment) nthawi zambiri imakhala. zofunika. Pakalipano, ndikofunikabe kulimbitsa Chitukuko ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a anaerobic reactors, ndi kufufuza mozama pazochitika zogwirira ntchito. Ntchito zopambana kwambiri pamankhwala amadzi otayira am'madzi ndi Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB), Anaerobic Composite Bed (UBF), Anaerobic Baffle Reactor (ABR), hydrolysis, ndi zina zambiri.
UASB Act
The UASB riyakitala ali ndi ubwino mkulu anaerobic chimbudzi chimbudzi, kapangidwe yosavuta, yochepa hayidiroliki posungira nthawi, ndipo palibe chifukwa chosiyana sludge kubwerera chipangizo. UASB ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kanamycin, chlorin, VC, SD, shuga ndi madzi ena otayira opanga mankhwala, zomwe zili mu SS nthawi zambiri sizikhala zokwera kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchotsedwa kwa COD kuli pamwamba pa 85% mpaka 90%. Kuchulukitsa kwa COD kwa magawo awiri a UASB kumatha kufika kupitilira 90%.
Njira ya UBF
Gulani Wenning et al. Mayeso oyerekeza adachitidwa pa UASB ndi UBF. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti UBF ili ndi mawonekedwe akusamutsa anthu ambiri komanso kupatukana, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya biomass ndi biological, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, komanso kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito. Oxygen bioreactor.
Hydrolysis ndi acidification
Tanki ya hydrolysis imatchedwa Hydrolyzed Upstream Sludge Bed (HUSB) ndipo ndi UASB yosinthidwa. Poyerekeza ndi zonse ndondomeko anaerobic thanki, thanki hydrolysis ali ubwino zotsatirazi: palibe chifukwa kusindikiza, palibe oyambitsa, palibe magawo atatu olekanitsa, amene amachepetsa ndalama ndi facilitates yokonza; imatha kusokoneza ma macromolecules ndi zinthu zopanda biodegradable organic mu zimbudzi kukhala mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono. Zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka mosavuta zimathandizira kuti madzi asawonongeke; momwe zimakhalira mwachangu, voliyumu ya thanki ndi yaying'ono, ndalama zomanga likulu ndizochepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa matope kumachepetsedwa. M'zaka zaposachedwa, njira ya hydrolysis-aerobic yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza madzi onyansa amankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, fakitale ya biopharmaceutical imagwiritsa ntchito hydrolytic acidification-magawo awiri a biological contact oxidation process pochiza madzi otayira a mankhwala. Ntchitoyi ndi yokhazikika ndipo organic matter kuchotsa zotsatira zake ndizodabwitsa. Mitengo yochotsa COD, BOD5 SS ndi SS inali 90.7%, 92.4% ndi 87.6%, motsatira.
Anaerobic-aerobic kuphatikiza mankhwala ndondomeko
Popeza chithandizo cha aerobic kapena chithandizo cha anaerobic chokha sichingakwaniritse zofunikira, njira zophatikizira monga anaerobic-aerobic, hydrolytic acidification-aerobic mankhwala amawongolera kusungunuka kwachilengedwe, kukana kukhudzidwa, mtengo wandalama ndi kuchiritsa kwamadzi onyansa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzochita zauinjiniya chifukwa chakuchita kwa njira imodzi yopangira. Mwachitsanzo, fakitale yamankhwala imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya anaerobic-aerobic kuti iwononge madzi otayira a mankhwala, mlingo wa BOD5 kuchotsa ndi 98%, COD kuchotsa mlingo ndi 95%, ndipo zotsatira za mankhwala zimakhala zokhazikika. Njira ya Micro-electrolysis-anaerobic hydrolysis-acidification-SBR imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi onyansa amadzimadzi opangira mankhwala. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti mndandanda wonse wazinthu umakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi kusintha kwamtundu wamadzi onyansa komanso kuchuluka kwake, ndipo kuchuluka kwa COD kutha kufika 86% mpaka 92%, yomwe ndi njira yabwino yopangira chithandizo chamadzi onyansa amankhwala. - Catalytic Oxidation - Lumikizanani ndi Oxidation Njira. Pamene COD ya wokhudzidwayo ili pafupi 12 000 mg/L, COD ya madzi otayira imakhala yosakwana 300 mg/L; kuchuluka kwa COD m'madzi owonongeka a biologically refractory omwe amapangidwa ndi biofilm-SBR njira amatha kufika 87.5% ~ 98.31%, omwe ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa akugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi Chithandizo cha njira ya biofilm ndi njira ya SBR.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikukula kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa nembanemba, kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito membrane bioreactor (MBR) pochiza madzi otayira am'madzi akuya pang'onopang'ono. MBR imaphatikiza ukadaulo wolekanitsa nembanemba ndi chithandizo chachilengedwe, ndipo ili ndi maubwino a kuchuluka kwa voliyumu, kukana mwamphamvu, kutsika pang'ono, ndi matope ochepa otsalira. The anaerobic nembanemba bioreactor ndondomeko anagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza wapakatikati asidi koloyidi madzi oipa ndi COD wa 25 000 mg/L. Mlingo wochotsa COD wa dongosolo umakhalabe pamwamba pa 90%. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuthekera kwa kukakamiza mabakiteriya kuti awononge zinthu zinazake kunagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma bioreactors otulutsa nembanemba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi otayira m'mafakitale okhala ndi 3,4-dichloroaniline. HRT inali 2 h, mlingo wochotsa unafika 99%, ndipo zotsatira zabwino za chithandizo zinapezedwa. Ngakhale vuto la nembanemba limakhala loyipa, ndikukula kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wa nembanemba, MBR idzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala amadzi onyansa.
2. Njira yochizira ndi kusankha madzi onyansa amankhwala
Makhalidwe abwino amadzi am'madzi otayira am'madzi amachititsa kuti madzi ambiri otayira am'madzi azikhala osatheka kuthandizidwa ndi biochemical yokha, chifukwa chake kusamala koyenera kuyenera kuchitidwa musanalandire chithandizo chamankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, tanki yowongolera iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti isinthe kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi pH, ndipo njira ya physicochemical kapena mankhwala iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yopangira mankhwala molingana ndi momwe zilili kuti muchepetse SS, salinity ndi gawo la COD m'madzi, kuchepetsa zinthu za biological inhibitory m'madzi onyansa, ndikuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa madzi otayira. kuti atsogolere kuchiritsa kwachilengedwe kwamadzi oyipa.
Madzi otayira omwe adakonzedwa kale amatha kuthandizidwa ndi njira za anaerobic ndi aerobic molingana ndi mawonekedwe ake amadzi. Ngati madzi amadzimadzi amafunikira kwambiri, chithandizo cha aerobic chiyenera kupitilizidwa pambuyo pa njira ya aerobic. Kusankhidwa kwa ndondomeko yeniyeniyo kuyenera kuganizira mozama zinthu monga momwe madzi akutayira amachitira, momwe madzi akuyankhira, momwe amachitira, kuyikapo ndalama pazomangamanga, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kukonza kuti ukadaulo ukhale wotheka komanso wochepetsera ndalama. Njira yonseyi ndi njira yophatikizira ya pretreatment-anaerobic-aerobic-(post-treatment). Njira yophatikizira ya hydrolysis adsorption-contact oxidation-filtration imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi otayira amankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin yokumba.
3. Kubwezeretsanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zothandiza m'madzi onyansa amankhwala
Limbikitsani kupanga kwaukhondo pamafakitale opanga mankhwala, sinthani kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito kazinthu zopangira, kubweza kwazinthu zonse zapakatikati ndi zotuluka, ndikuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa kuipitsidwa popanga popanga kusintha kwaukadaulo. Chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa njira zina zopangira mankhwala, madzi otayira amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Pochiza madzi otayira amankhwala otere, choyambira choyamba ndikulimbitsa kuchira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira. Kwa madzi otayira apakatikati amankhwala okhala ndi ammonium amchere amchere mpaka 5% mpaka 10%, filimu yopukutira yosasunthika imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati evaporation, concentration and crystallization kuti achire (NH4)2SO4 ndi NH4NO3 ndi gawo lalikulu la pafupifupi 30%. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati feteleza kapena mugwiritsenso ntchito. Phindu lazachuma ndi lodziwikiratu; kampani yopanga zamankhwala yapamwamba kwambiri imagwiritsa ntchito njira yotsuka poyeretsa madzi otayira omwe amapanga ndi zinthu zambiri za formaldehyde. Mpweya wa formaldehyde ukabwezeretsedwa, umatha kupangidwa kukhala formalin reagent kapena kuwotchedwa ngati gwero la kutentha kwa boiler. Kupyolera mu kuchira kwa formaldehyde, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosasunthika kwa chuma kungatheke, ndipo mtengo wogulira malo opangira chithandizo ukhoza kubwezeredwa mkati mwa zaka 4 mpaka 5, pozindikira kugwirizana kwa ubwino wa chilengedwe ndi phindu lachuma. Komabe, kaphatikizidwe kamadzi otayira a mankhwala ndizovuta, zovuta kukonzanso, njira yochira ndi yovuta, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera. Choncho, luso lapamwamba komanso logwira mtima lachimbudzi lachimbudzi ndilofunika kwambiri kuthetsa vuto la zimbudzi.
4 Mapeto
Pakhala pali malipoti ambiri okhudza chithandizo cha madzi otayira a mankhwala. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa zopangira ndi njira zamafakitale opanga mankhwala, mtundu wamadzi onyansa umasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira yochiritsira yokhwima komanso yolumikizana yamadzi otayidwa amankhwala. Njira yoti musankhe imadalira madzi otayira. chilengedwe. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a madzi onyansa, kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri kumafunika kuti madzi owonongeka asawonongeke, poyambira kuchotsa zowononga, kenako kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala achilengedwe. Pakalipano, kupanga makina opangira madzi opangira ndalama komanso ogwira ntchito ndi vuto lachangu lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa.
FakitaleMalingaliro a kampani China ChemicalAnionic PAM Polyacrylamide Cationic Polymer Flocculant, Chitosan, Chitosan Powder, treatment water treatment, water decoloring agent, dadmac, diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicyandiamide, dcda, defoamer, antifoam, pac, poly aluminum chloride, polyelectric aluminium chloride, polyacrylate , pdadmac, polyamine, Sitimangopereka zamtengo wapatali kwa ogula, koma chofunika kwambiri ndi omwe amatipatsa chithandizo chachikulu komanso mtengo wogulitsa kwambiri.
ODM Factory China PAM, Anionic Polyacrylamide, HPAM, PHPA, Kampani yathu ikugwira ntchito motsatira mfundo za "umphumphu, mgwirizano wopangidwa, wokonda anthu, wopambana-wopambana". Tikukhulupirira kuti titha kukhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi wamalonda ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuchokera ku Baidu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-15-2022